Danielle Chase

💡TL;DR: Asthmatic bronchitis is a short-term chest infection on top of asthma, so you get the cough and mucus of bronchitis plus the wheeze and tight chest of an asthma flare. Most cases are viral and antibiotics are usually not needed. Expect about 2–3 weeks of symptoms, with

💡TL;DR: 70% SpO₂ is a medical emergency. Normal is 95–100% at sea level; anything below 80% is severe and can injure organs fast. At 70% you usually have minutes to a few hours without urgent treatment—call 911. Chronic lung disease does not make 70% “normal”; long‑term

💡TL;DR: Ipratropium bromide plus albuterol sulfate opens tight airways quickly for COPD and severe asthma flares. Most side effects are mild and short-lived (shaky hands, dry mouth, brief fast heartbeat), while serious symptoms are uncommon; seek care immediately for chest pain, swelling, or worse breathing right after a dose

💡TL;DR: Empyema = around the lung; lung abscess = inside the lung. Empyema usually needs drainage plus antibiotics; a lung abscess usually responds to antibiotics alone. CT is the best way to tell them apart; a classic study found CT correctly distinguished them in every case. Empyema carries higher short-term risk

💡TL;DR: Valley Fever can leave a small lung nodule (a scar) in about 5% of infections, and most are harmless and do not become cancer. In endemic areas, many nodules that look suspicious on scans prove to be Valley Fever scars; doctors balance watchful follow-up vs biopsy based on

💡TL;DR: Empyema is an infected pleural effusion (pus in the pleural space) that usually needs urgent drainage plus IV antibiotics, while a typical pleural effusion is extra fluid that is often not infected and is treated by fixing the cause and draining only if needed. Doctors look for loculations

💡TL;DR: A nebulizer can help COVID-related wheeze or chest tightness, especially if you have asthma or COPD, but it does not treat the virus. If you already have a prescription, keep using it as directed; if you do not, talk to your doctor before starting any nebulized medicine. Use

💡TL;DR: Effusion = fluid; pneumothorax = air that can collapse a lung. Effusions are common in the U.S. (≈1.5 million cases yearly), while spontaneous pneumothorax is less common but often sudden. Imaging separates them quickly (fluid layering vs a clear rim of air), and treatment differs: effusion is drained

💡TL;DR: Pulmonary edema is fluid inside the lung’s air sacs; pleural effusion is fluid around the lungs in the pleural space. Edema tends to be sudden and is an emergency, treated in the hospital with oxygen and diuretics; effusions often build gradually and can be drained while the